HTML

  • HyperText Markup Language
  • It tells the web browser what content is on the page.

Syntax

  • HTML uses tags enclosed in angle brackets (< >). Most tags come in pairs: an opening tag to start the element, and a closing tag (with a forward slash /) to end it.
<h1>This is a Main Heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph of text on the website.</p>
<button>Click Me!</button>

It defines the structure/content of a webpage.

Think of HTML as the skeleton of the page.

<h1>My Tasks</h1>
<p>Welcome back!</p>
<button>Logout</button>

This creates:

My Tasks
Welcome back!

[ Logout ]

Example 1

A login form:

<form>
  <input type="email">
  <input type="password">
  <button>Login</button>
</form>

Example 2

A task:

<div>
  <h2>Learn APIs</h2>
  <p>Study HTTP requests and responses.</p>
</div>

Simple idea:

HTML = What exists on the page?

CSS

  • CSS is a style sheet language. It takes the raw structure of HTML and makes it look visually appealing. Without CSS, every website would look like a plain Microsoft Word document from 1995.
  • CSS works by targeting HTML elements and applying rules to them using selectors and declarations.

Syntax

/* This targets all <p> tags and changes their look */
p {
  color: darkblue;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}
 
/* This targets a button and changes its background color */
button {
  background-color: #ff4757;
  color: white;
  border-radius: 5px;
}

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